Fish Eyes as Unexpected Targets of Psychoactive Water Pollutants
A new study, “Eyes as a Novel Target of Psychoactive Contaminants in Fish” by Fedorova et al., reveals that fish eyes can be affected by trace concentrations of psychoactive drugs present in aquatic environments.
Psychoactive pharmaceuticals such as antidepressants and anxiolytics are emerging contaminants frequently detected in surface waters. These substances act on neurotransmitter systems that are evolutionarily conserved across vertebrates.
Using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry analyses, the authors demonstrate that these compounds can influence ocular tissues in fish—not only the brain. The observed effects include alterations in neurotransmitter levels in eye tissues, which may ultimately impair vision.
The study suggests that eye health and visual processing could serve as sensitive, integrative indicators of contaminant exposure, with potential consequences for fish survival through impaired foraging or predator avoidance. This finding is particularly novel, as most ecotoxicological studies on psychoactive contaminants have focused on neural or behavioral outcomes, while ocular effects have remained largely unexplored.
This research opens a new line of inquiry in aquatic toxicology and highlights the importance of evaluating whole-organism responses, beyond the traditional focus on brain and behavior, when assessing the risks of pharmaceutical pollution.
The paper was also selected for the cover art of the current issue of Environmental Science & Technology Letters, featuring an illustration created by the authors. This recognition underscores both the scientific and visual impact of the study and brings international attention to research conducted at FROV JU and CENAKVA.
Reference:
Fedorova, G., Sotnikov, A., Turek, J., Galicová, P., Kapukotuwa, G. R., Randák, T., Boryshpolets, S. (2025). Eyes as a Novel Target of Psychoactive Contaminants in Fish. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 12 (10), 1301–1307.
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00607